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Background and objectives: Health education is a communicative activity that can be used to make people accept hehaviors effective on healthy life. This study aimed at comparing group education and the current method of olucation on family planning
 Material and Methods: In This pre-experimental study, the researcher sclected randomly four health centers out of 23. Then 120 women aged 15-45 were divided randomly into two groups of case and control. She instructed the case group in education classcs (10-15 members) taken for two hours. The control group was given individual education. The material of education was the same in both youns. After 3-6 mnonth, their family planning practice was recorded and analyzed by statistical tests such as chi-square.
Resu ts: The results in case group show that %60 (up to 3 months) and 256 (up to 6 months) of the subjects use a reliable contraceptive method after education. But in control group 3% and 7% of the samples, respectively. The difference between the two groups is significant (p=0/000).
Conclusion: Active group education is an effective way of casily accepting of family planning,

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Background and objectives: accidents are the most prevalent causes of mortality and disability in the world and car accident is one of the main causes of death in Iran. Car accident is one of the biggest predicaments of the public health and developinent in Golestan province and their victims are mostly young and efficient people. Hence, the study of the effective factors can be useful in suggesting essential strategies leading to accident reduction. Materials and Methods: We carried out this CIOSS-sectional study on all 644 cases available in medico-legal organization of golestan province, 2006. After data collection, we did data analysis by SPSS software. Results: The findings show that 644 people died in the accidents, 2006. The victims are men (84.8%), 30-49 year old (25.294), illiterates (28.9%), died at the scene (44.6%), died by head injury (62.7%) and motorcyclist (41.6%). Most of them died or have been injured in high ways (65.4%), but only a small nurrber of accident occurred in minor roads or villages (12.999). In terms of job, workers have a high mortality rate. Most of accidents occur in summer, the most crowded time of the year (34%). Conclusion: The implementation of the following preventive measure can be helpful in reducing the mortality rate: making roads and driving safer and providing telephone coverage in remote arcas to transfer the casualties fast.

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Background and Objectives: Emergency contraception methods used in a specilic time after an unprotected intercourse can reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancy. Considering the role of health care provider's intercourse can extremely reduce the incidence of unwanted pregnancy, Considering the role of health- care providers in preventing unintended pregnancy, we decided to assess their knowledge, Attitude and Practice about emergency contraceptive methods in Shahr-e-kord, Irun.
Material and Methods: The subjects of this descriptive study were 102 lealth care providers engaged in all heath centers (N=9) and Hajar hospital of shahr-e-kord. After collecting the data by a researcher- made questionnaire, we used Chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient to analyze the data
 Results: The results show that their knowledge of emergency contraceptive methods is inadequate (5.9%), moderate (37.3 %) and adequate (59.9%). Their attitude (80%) is positive and believe that these methods can not be considered abortion. More than 70% of them try to recommend these methods to the women. There is signilicant correlation between the level of knowledge and education level (P=0.002).
Conclusion: We recommend updating the people's knowledge about emergency contraceptive methods, mainly jud

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Background and Objectives: Since the students are the most important part of university, their satisfaction with educational services is necessary to improve the quality of system. Electronic registration has initially been conducted since 2003 in Iranian universities; therefore, it is a necessity to carry out a research to explore the students view points.
Materials and Methods: We performed this descriptive study on 490 students. The instrument was a researcher made questionnaire that its validity and reliability were confirmed.
Results: Based on the study, the subjects' satisfaction is high (33.9%), moderate (59.8%), and low (6.3%). The students also ask for casier access to computer, further chance to do registration, high quality soft ware, friendly staff, and corporative advisors and no bureaucracy. Generally, studen s have excellent and satisfactory view.
 Conclusion: the students as the actual users of education services are satisticd with electronic registration; therefore, every ellort should be made to promote the quality of Services.

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Abstract Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus and its complications are the leading factors of mortality and morbidity in human. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and some related factors in the north of Iran. Material and Methods: This crossectional–descriptive study was carried out on 1998 cases (1000 men and 998 women) aged 25- 65 years old. The subjects were chosen by stratified sampling. A socioeconomic questionnaire was filled out. We meseared Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Anthropometric indexes such as height, weight and waist. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was defined when Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) was equal or over 126 mg/dl. Data was analyzed by SPSS software, using Chi Square and T.test (P<0.05). Results: The mean age is 44.2 years. FBS of male is 94.51±32.91 mg/dl and of female is 98.2±40.1. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is 8.3% [(men = 6.8% and women =9.7%), (urban =10.5% and villages=6.4%0)]. There is a positive correlation between FBS and age, waist circumference and BMI (P=0.01). Blood glucose is controlled by diet and physical activity 64.1% and 24.2%, respectively. Conclusion: One out of twelve of adults in Golestan province suffer from DM. Obesity, Overweight and central obesity are coexisting problems with DM. it is a necessity to present a protocol based on screening and education of DM patients.

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Abstract Background and Objective: Communication is an interaction between two persons, in which a message is sent from a source to a receiver to provide an aim. The relationship between nurse and physician is the interaction existed in patient care to access to a common thrauputical goal. One of the main causes of stress in nursing profession is a lack of effective relationship with other health care workers, especially physicians. We decided to survey the professional relationship between nurses and physicians to promote patient care quality. Material and Methods: The subjects of this crossectional study were all 97 nursing staff of three hospitals (Imam Khomeini in Bonab, sina and amiralmomenin in Maragheh).The instrument was a questionnaire composed of two parts of demographic data and professional relationship (22 items) scaled by likert. The data were tabulated in computer and analyzed by SPSS (16 versions). Results: The subjects are both female (86.8%) and male (13.2%). The mean age is 32.5 and record of service is 8.8 years. Seventy-seven percent of subjects are married and (23.3%) are single. Most of them (94.7%) are BSc of nursing and the rest are high school diploma of nursing. The viewpoint of nurses is moderate (80.4%), bad (6.2%) and good (13.4%). Conclusion: The main case of inappropriate interaction is that the physicions don’t try to ask nurses perspectives. When the interaction between nurses and physictions is improved, the level of nursing quality is increased too.